feat(api): ajoute l'opérateur de filtre differs (IS DISTINCT FROM) (#78)

Implémente l'opérateur de filtre `differs` qui génère un fragment SQL
`IS DISTINCT FROM` pour exclure des valeurs en tenant compte des NULL.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/api/filters.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ OPERATORS = {
     "exact",
     "contains",
     "notcontains",
+    "differs",
     "less",
     "greater",
     "strictly_less",
@@ -132,6 +133,9 @@ def build_where(
         elif op == "notcontains":
             where_parts.append(f'"{col}" NOT LIKE ?')
             params.append(f"%{v}%")
+        elif op == "differs":
+            where_parts.append(f'"{col}" IS DISTINCT FROM ?')
+            params.append(v)
 
     where_sql = " AND ".join(where_parts) if where_parts else "TRUE"
     order_sql = ", ".join(order_parts) if order_parts else None

tests/api/test_endpoints_data.py

@@ -102,3 +102,13 @@ def test_data_sort_desc(api_client, valid_token_header):
         row["dateNotification"] for row in body["data"] if row.get("dateNotification")
     ]
     assert dates == sorted(dates, reverse=True)
+
+
+def test_data_differs_excludes_value(api_client, valid_token_header):
+    client, _ = api_client
+    base = client.get("/api/v1/data?page_size=1", headers=valid_token_header).get_json()
+    uid = base["data"][0]["uid"]
+    resp = client.get(f"/api/v1/data?uid__differs={uid}", headers=valid_token_header)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.get_json()
+    assert all(row["uid"] != uid for row in body["data"])

tests/api/test_filters.py

@@ -139,3 +139,15 @@ def test_sort_invalid_direction_raises():
 def test_param_without_operator_raises():
     with pytest.raises(FilterError):
         build_where([("uidexact", "x")], SCHEMA)
+
+
+def test_differs_filter():
+    where, params, _ = build_where([("uid__differs", "abc")], SCHEMA)
+    assert where == '"uid" IS DISTINCT FROM ?'
+    assert params == ["abc"]
+
+
+def test_differs_filter_on_int():
+    where, params, _ = build_where([("annee__differs", "2020")], SCHEMA)
+    assert where == '"annee" IS DISTINCT FROM ?'
+    assert params == [2020]